`'aa @@@ @@@@hl;SB\a EN DB a     oB;^ Ferrier-Pags2001VY Leis1998vD Randall1985k20000rydroclimate-; Bioclimatology-; ISEW,-China,-People'-s-Rep.,-Nansha-Is.acific,-French-Polynesia,-Tuamoto-Is.,-Fangataufa-AtollE,-Pacific,-Johnston-Atollhall-I.,-Eniwetokers of 3, 1 and 0.2-mu-m pore size and Whatman GF/F (glass fibre filter able to retain 0.4-0.7-mu-m particles to estimate the contribution of the different phytoplankton class size to biomass and primary production. Synechococcus abundance 135 x 10(6) cells l-1, 82% of which had a size of less than < 1-mu-m and accounts for 0.2-mu-g chl-a (67% of total chl-a) and 16.8-mu-g C. Daily primary production was 0.5 g Cm-2 d-1 (60.3% of total primary production) and their P/B ratio was very high: 11-mu-g Ch-1 10(9) cells-1 and 13 to 21-mu-g Ch-1 mu-g chl-a-1.1NG(03) L Charpy/Orstom/BP 529/Papeete, Fr Polynesia (42) French ArticleAral, Biology &{, 1998 #1; , 1998 #2; Adamek, 1985 #7207; Adjerod, 2001 #9162; Adjeroud, 1997 #12; Adjeroud, 2000 #8717; Agusti, 1999 #2624; Ah $ Rayner1984 Reddy1972 Renon1978 Renon1978 Renon1979$ Renon1985 Renon1993D RicardY Ricard19755Z Ricard19755[ Ricard19766  Ricard1978! Ricard1981" Ricard1985$ Ricard19855= Ricard1985$ Richard1985 Richard1987%Richer-De-Forges1996 Riegl1997@ Risk19919 Rivaton1997 Roark2001& Robertson1996  Robertson1997 Robertson1999 Robin1995 Robison1997? Roche1984' Rodgers1998 Rodier19979( Rodrigues1997 Romano1998l Romans1998BRougeaux20011)Rougeaux2001Rougerie19788*Rougerie1979+Rougerie1989,Rougerie1991-Rougerie1992.Rougerie1993/Rougerie19930Rougerie1994Rougerie1995Rougerie19951Rougerie19952Rougerie19963Rougerie19974 Rowden19935 Roy19716 Roy19907 Roy1991 Ruth19998Saavedra1996e Sabine20022 Sager19939 Sakka1999: Sakka2000X Sakka2001 Sakka2001; Saliot1994 Salkar19979< Saller1989D Salvat= Salvat1985 Salvat19877t Salvat1994 Salvat19979 Salvat2000> Sam1998? Samaden1984@Sammarco1991A Sanchez1997Sanchez-Cabeza1997B Sancho1997C Sancho1998 Sanderson1996 Sanford2000~ Sanford2000Sankaranarayanan1970Sankaranarayanan1970? Sarazin1996@ Sarazin1999D Sargent1949 Sarmiento2001N Sarver1996!Sathyendranath1993"Sathyendranath1998 Scatolini1997 Scatolini1998{Schlittenhardt1998E Schmidt1997q Schmitz1996r Schmitz1999F Schultz1994F Schultz1994G Scoffin1993H Seto1996I Seto1996J Seto1997Seto1999 DeceK Shashar1994L Sheberstov1995M Shen1993 Shirodkar1997L Shushkina1995M Sidik1999 Simeon1978N Sims1996 Slater2001nv Slawyk19855 Sluka1999O Sluka1999P Small1998 Smart2000~ Smart2000 Smedley1999QSmith5 Smith1971R Smith1973S Smith1974T Smith1975U Smith1975V Smith1984S Smith1998 Smith1998Smith1999 DecSmithers19999 Socki1987 Sornein1996 Sornein1996W SorokinX Sorokin1974z Sottile1975D SourniaY Sournia1975Z Sournia1975[ Sournia1976\ Sournia1976] Sournia1977 Sournia1978W Sournia1992^ Spennemann1997P Spoon1998spouvrea@ifremer2000spouvrea@ifremer2000spouvrea@ifremer2000spouvrea@ifremer2000_Sprachta2001Sreepada1998N Strathmann1973 Stuff1999Suchanek1991 Summer19969 Summer1997 Sun1992e Sutherland2002 Suzuki19979 Suzuki19999c Swartz1958e Sweeney2002d Swimmer1998f Tabee1994e Takahashi2002m Talbot20000 Tan1996f Taniera1994I Tanino19969g Tartinville1997 Tartinville2001 Taylor19999 Taylor19999f Tebano19944Teissier2000l Tentori2000 Texier1999th Thomas1997s Thomassin1996 Tiapari2000 Tiapari2000%Tiaparri1995eTilbrook20020 Tinker19999 Titlyanov1991 Titus1997 Titus1998L Tomasky1997i Tomczak1998jTorreton1996kTorreton1996Torreton1998lTorreton1999 AprmTorreton2000n Tranter1972o Trewren; Trichet19943 Trichet1997p Trichet1997B Trichet2001 Trnski1998 Turner2000r Underwood1992s Vacelet1996 van Woesik1999 Van-Den-Berg19989q Van-der-Helm1996u Vanneau1993D Vasseur Verbrugge1997| Veron1995 Veron1996 Vicente1998L Vinogradov1995 Vintro19979r Voss19921v Wafar1985w Walker1997 Walsh1981e Wanninkhof2002I Warham1996 Warwick1999 Warwick1999xWassy Wass1981 Watson19929+ Wauthy19898/ Wauthy19939z Webb1975{ Weber1998 Wei1998 Weidman1997| Wellington1995 Wellington1996} Wheeler1991 Wheeler1996Whitaker2000~Whitaker2000\ Whitton1978{ Wicks1998 Wiebe1974z Wiebe1975Williams1997Williams19999~ Wilson2000Winterer1993Winterer1998Wolanski1994 Wong19869 Wong19979Woodhead1999 Woodroffe1998 Woodroffe1999 Work1997 Work1998 Work1999 Xue1999 Yanagi19999 Ye1982 Yip1990 Yuan1982 Zanini2000A Zea1997 Zea1998 Zhang1996 Zhao1997 Zipser19977Zipser199777 Zipser19977 Zipser199777 Zipser19977 Zipser199771997 Zipser199771997 Zipser19977997799779977997799779977 Zipser19977 Zipser19977 Zipser19977 Zipser19977 Zipser19977 Zipser1997799777 Zipser19977997 Zipser19977997 Zipser19977 Zipser19977 Zipser19977 Zipser19977 Zipser19977 Zipser19977 Zipser19977 Zipser19977997 Zipser199777 Zipser19977 Zipser19977 Schmitz1996r Schmitz1999F Schultz1994F Schultz1994G Scoffin1993H Seto1996I Seto1996J Seto1997̆Seto1999 DeceK Shashar1994 Shaw2002L Sheberstov1995M Shen1993 Shirodkar1997L Shushkina1995M Sidik1999  Simeon1978N Sims1996̬ Sivonen2000 Skrabanek1985 Slater2001n Sluka1999O Sluka1999P Small1998 Smart2000 Smedley1999QSmith5 Smith1971R Smith1973S Smith1998Smith1999 Dec Socki1987 Sornein1996 Sornein1996D Sournia  Sournia1978W Sournia1992P Spoon1998spouvrea@ifremer2000spouvrea@ifremer2000spouvrea@ifremer2000spouvrea@ifremer2000̞Sreepada1998Srinivas19999 Stal19919N Strathmann1973̌Suchanek1991 Sukop1985 Summer19969 Summer1997 Sun1992 Suzuki19979 Suzuki19999 Swamy1999 Tang2002I Tanino19969 Tarczynska2000 Tartinville2001 Taylor19999 Taylor19999Teissier2000l Tentori2000 Texier1999t Tiapari2000 Tiapari2000%Tiaparri1995 Tinker19999 Titlyanov1991 Titus1997 Titus1998L Tomasky1997Torreton1998; Trichet19943 Trichet1997B Trichet2001 Trnski1998 Turner2000 van Woesik1999̸ Van-Den-Berg19989q Van-der-Helm1996D Vasseur Verbrugge1997 Veron1996 Vicente1998L Vinogradov1995 Vintro19979 Viswanatha1999̷ Walsh1981I Warham1996 Warwick1999Warwick1999 Dec Watson19929+ Wauthy19898/ Wauthy19939 Wei1998 Weidman1997 Wellington1996 Wheeler1996Whitaker2000\ Whitton1978  Wiebe1974Williams1997Winterer1993 Wong19869 Wong19979Woodhead1999̻ Yanagi19999A Zea1997 Zipser19977X  !"%$&#)'-/0+.234167=?@9<DEGJABCKFHPIMST[OYZ^`b\]gafhckndejlsmopquwx79# 27 ;tAiksnno ,9129# 39 ;tAiksnno ,9159# 49 ;uAam,n1 99 79#;6B kare ,9179# 11;9B raarac ,9169# 51;3B raarac ,9179# 51;4B salialsi ,9179# 51;7B uaid,n1 99 31#16 ;eBrhneefdl ,9179# 8235 ;eBnrta ,9119# 91;3B riekaldn ,9179# 12;4B alcnoh,t1 89 99#23;1B alcnoh,t1 99 62#92 ;oBheeltr ,9129# 32;6B uorruoli-heLJ-na ,9189# 52;8B orkc ,9139 Authors r_Journals:Keywords i                                (7PKAbstracts Of Papers Presented At The 30th International Geological Congress AbyssesDAAbysses Musee Oceanographique Monaco Monaco Musee Oceanographique Ambio AmbioAnn.Inst.ocanogr., Paris(%Annales de L Institut Oceanographique Aquaculture Aquat.-Mamm.Aquat.-Microb.-Ecol.Aquatic BotanyAquatic Living ResourcesAquatic Microbial EcologyAquatic-Microbial-Ecology($Arch.-Hydrobiol.-Suppl.-Algol.-Stud.Atoll Res. Bull.Atoll Research Bulletin,(Atoll Research Bulletin [Atoll Res Bull]Atoll-Res.-Bull.84Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research Avian-Dis.Bangkok Thailand FaoBiol.-Mar.-Mediterr.,)Biological Journal of the Linnean Society@=Biological-Bulletin,-Marine-Biological-Laboratory,-Woods-HoleBiomineralizationBiomineralization ' Bot.-Mar.Bull.-Am.-Meteorol.-Soc.Bull.-Mar.-Sci.4/Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique (Monaco) Bulletin of Marine Science Bulletin-of-Marine-Science@;C.-R.-Acad.-Sci.-Ser.-2-Mec.-Phys.-Chim.-Sci.-Terre-UniversD>C.-R.-Acad.-Sci.-Ser.-2a-Sci.-Terre-Planet.-Earth-Planet.-Sci.0*C.-R.-Acad.-Sci.-Ser.-3-Sci.-Vie-Life-Sci.C.R.Acad.Sc.ParisC.R.Acad.Sci. Paris$!Cah. O.R.S.T.O.M., sr. Ocanogr. Cah. ORSTOM, ser. Oceanogr. Cahier de l'Indo-Pacifique$ Canadian Journal of Microbiology@;CARICOMP: CARIBBEAN CORAL REEF, SEAGRASS AND MANGROVE SITESCcop Sopac Tech. Rep. ChemospherezClimate Change Vulnerability And Adaptation In Asia And The Pacific. Proceedings Of A Workshop Held In Manila, PhilippinesColonial-WaterbirdsLHComptes Rendus de L Academie Des Sciences Serie III - Sciences de La VieComptes Rendus De L Academie Des Sciences Serie Iii-Sciences De La Vie-Life Sciences Comptes Rendus Acad. Sci. Ser. III-Sci. Vie-Life Sci.LFComptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Serie III Sciences de la Vie Condor Continental Shelf Research Coral Reefs Coral-Reefs<8Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology$Current Biology Current Biology  t h0*1-D vertically resolved water column model196EE2-BETA-METHYLHOPANOIDS220WNA,-Mid-Atlantic-Ridge ABSORPTIONAbudefduf-sordidus abundance abundance-Acanthaster-planci83ACANTHASTER-PLANCI/ LINE TRANSECT/ MANTA/ ABUNDANCE Acanthuridae-Acanthurus-nigrofuscusAcanthurus-triostegus Accidents- accretion accretion- accuracy-acetylene reductionacetylene-reduction acids- Acropora-Acropora-cervicornisAcropora-formosaAcropora-hemprichiAcropora-palmataActivity-patterns Adriatic SeaAdudefduf-sordidus Advection-aerobic-bacteria aeruginosa-Age- Age-groups aggregates-Aggressive-behaviour Air-pollutionAir-water-exchanges Aldabra-Atoll,-Inland-Waters algae- algal mats algal-matsAlgal-settlementsalkali-basalts alkaloids- Alpheidae- ammoniumAnabaena-flos-aquaeanaerobic-bacteria anatomy- ANE,-FranceANE,-North-Sea ANE,-Portugal,-Desertas-Is.Animal-diseasesanimal-fossilsanimal-morphologyAnimal-physiology animals- Anthozoa-anthropogenic-factors ANTIQUITYantitumor-agents40ANW,-USA,-Massachusetts,-Great-Sippewisset-Marsh apatite- Apogonidae-aquaculture-developmentaquaculture-economicsaquaculture-systemsAquaculture-techniques aquatic-birds aquatic-drugsaquatic-ecosystemsaquatic-plantsAquatic-reptilesAquatic-sciences ARABIAN SEA aragonite ARCHIPELAGO ASW,-Belize$ ASW,-Belize,-Belize-Barrier-Reef ASW,-Belize,-Turneffe-AtollASW,-Caribbean ASW,-Caribbean-Sea,-Bahamas ASW,-Colombia ASW,-Colombia,-San-Andres-I.0-ASW,-Nicaragua,-Cayos-Miskitos-Marine-Reserve<8ASW,-USA,-Florida,-Dry-Tortugas,-Dry-Tortugas-Natl.-ParkATLANTIC OCEANATMOSPHERIC CO2Atmospheric-electricityAtmospheric-gasesATOLL Atoll lagoonATOLL LAGOON/ MATTER/ SEA atoll lagoonsLFAtoll tuamotu archipelago. Wind-induced resuspension. Shallow tropicalAtoll, Takapoto atoll- atoll-lagoon Atoll-lagoons,'atoll/ calcification/ Pacific/ Eniwetok$atoll/ Canton/ Pacific/ budget,(atoll/ Canton/ Pacific/ budget/ nutrient,'atoll/ Caribbean / Jamaica/ Puerto Rico  !!!!!!""%%$$$$$$&&&&#######))))'''--///000++++....2223344444111166667777777====???@@@@9999<<<<<<<DEEEGGGJAABBBBCCCCCCCKKKKFFFHHHPPPIIIIMMMSSSSTTT 5( sGenetic-isolation Genomes-Geographical-distribution Geography-Geological-structures Geology-geomorphology- Geothermal0-Germany,-Niedersachsen,-Harz-Mts.,-Iberg-Reef,&Giant clams/ Refuge/ Samoa/ Stock size Gorgonacea-Gorgonia-ventalina0*Grain size/ skeletal/ sediment/ Uvea atoll granulometry- Grazing-GREAT BARRIER REEFGREAT BARRIER-REEF/ CORAL-REEF/ SARGASSO SEA/ LIZARD ISLAND/ RECRUITMENT/ PATTERNS/ MASS/ ICHTHYOPLANKTON/ MESOZOOPLANKTON/ LEPTOCEPHALILGGREAT BARRIER-REEF/ CORAL-REEF/ SEA-WATER/ ATOLL/ DOLOMITIZATION/ SHELFGREAT-BARRIER-REEFhdGREAT-BARRIER-REEF/ HORIZONTAL DISTRIBUTION/ LIZARD ISLAND/ AUSTRALIA/ PATTERNS/ POPULATIONS/ PISCESGreat-barrier-reef/ Kavaratti atoll lakshadweep/ Sea-surface temperature/ Growth-rates/ Montastrea-annularis/ Scleractinian corals/ Red-sea/ Southern-oscillation/ Acropora-formosa/ Biological carbonatesGREAT-BARRIER-REEF/ SEA-LEVEL/ FRENCH POLYNESIA/ FUNAFUTI ATOLL/ FRINGING-REEF/ CYCLONE/ AUSTRALIA/ IMPACT/ SEDIMENTS/ BARBADOSGreenhouse-effectGreenland,-Thulegroundwater-levelgroundwater-movementgroundwater-pollutiongroundwater-recharge GROWTH growth- growth-rate GROWTH-RATES Guyots- Habitat-Habitat-improvementHabitat-selectionHabitat-utilization hatcheries- Heavy-metals hepatotoxin-microcystin-lr Herbivores-HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIAHeterotrophic-organisms Hexagonalia-HIGH PHYTOPLANKTON GROWTH,&high-performance-liquid-chromatographyHippa-adactylaHistopathology-Historical-account Holocene-Holothuria-fuscogilva HOPANE SERIES Hot-spotshot-spring-mat Human-factors hurricanes Hurricanes- Hydroclimate-hydrodynamics-Hydrogeology/ Barrier island/ Modelling/ Fresh-water lens/ Cone penetrometer/ Cone penetration tests/ Yucatan peninsula/ Slug test/ Hydrogeology/ Bermuda/ Chemistry/ Bahamas/ AtollHYDROGRAPHIC DATA Hydrography-hydrologic-maps Hydrology-hydrothermal-activityHydrothermal-alterationHypnea-valentiaeI,-Indo-PacificI,-Johnston-Atollidentificationidentification-keysIE,-East-PacificIN,-North-Pacific India-Indian-Ocean,-Cocos-I.0+Indian-ocean/ Aldabra atoll/ Biology/ Birdsindicator-species indicators-INE,-USA,-HawaiiInfrared-imagery Ingestion-0*INHERENT OPTICAL-PROPERTIES/ WATERS/ DEPTH INHIBITION insecticides-International-cooperation Interspecific-relationshipsinterstitial-environmentinterstitial-waterintertidal environmentIntertidal-environmentintroduced-species inventories-INVERSE METHODS Invertebrata-invertebrate-zoologyironIRON LIMITATIONiron-ISE,-Clipperton-I.ISE,-French-Polynesia($ise,-french-polynesia,-mururoa-atoll@:ISE,-French-Polynesia,-Tuamotu-Archipelago,-Tikehau-Lagoon41ISE,-French-Polynesia,-Tuamotu-I.,-Mataiva-atoll.41ISE,-French-Polynesia,-Tuamotu-I.,-Rangiroa-Atoll82ISE,-French-Polynesia,-Tuamotu-I.,-Takapoto-atoll.("ISE,-French-Polynesia,-Tuamotu-Is.41ISE,-French-Polynesia,-Tuamotu-Is.,-Mururoa-Atoll41ISE,-French-Polynesia,-Tuamotu-Is.,-Tikehau-AtollISE,-Johnston-Atoll40ISE,-Mexico,-Revillagigedo-Is.,-Clipperton-AtollISE,-Midway-I.40ISE,-New-Zealand-Island-Terr.,-Cook-Is.,-Niue-I.,(ISE,-Pacific,-American-Samoa,-Rose-Atoll$ISE,-Pacific,-French-Polynesia@:ISE,-Pacific,-French-Polynesia,-Gambier-Is.,-Mururoa-Atoll[[[OOOOOYYYZZZZ^^``bbb\\\\\\\\\\]]gggaaaaaaafffhhhcccccckkknnnndddddeeeejjjjjllllllllllllllllsmmmmoooopppppqqquuuuuuuuuwwwwwxxx????????????????????????  ,Abidi, S. A. H.Achuthankutty, C.T. Adamek, Z.Addessi, Loana Adey, W. H. Adjerod, M. Adjeroud, M. Agusti, S.Ahamed, M. M. O. Aharon, P. Alcober, J. Ali, A. T. Allen, G. R. Allen, J. I. AM, LeclercAnderson, R. C.Andrefouet, S.Andrefouet, SergeAndrews, J. C. Andrie, C. Andri, C. Ansari, Z. A.Antonelis, G. A. Antonius, A. Arnaud, H. Arnoux, A.Athanasiadou, M.Atkinson, M.J. Attrill, M.J.au Aulich, G. Auman, H. J. Austin, T.S. Bablet, J. P. Bacher, C. Badie, C. Baker, K. K. Baker, P. E. Bakker, D.J.Ballance, L.T.Barraca, R. T., Sr.Barsczus, H. G. Basillais, E.Bates, Nicolas Baudin, F. Baumer, A. Bebout, B.Behrenfeld, M. J.Berdowski, J.J.M.Bergesen, D. D. Bergman, Aa Berland, B. Bernat, M. Betzer, S.B.Bhattathiri, P.M.A. Birkeland, C. Bishop, J.Blackford, J. C. Blakeslee, R. Blanchot, J Blanchot, J.Blanchot, Jean Blowers, P Bodoy, A.Boehlert, G.W.Bohrman, H. W. Bonnet, S. Bothorel, V. Bougrier, S.Bouloubassi, I. Bourdelin, F.Bourrouilh-Le-Jan, F. G. Boyd, M. R. BR, Williams Bralower, T. Breeuwsma, A.Brickhouse, MD Bril, J. Broc, D. Brock, J. Brock, J. C. Brody, E.A. Brook, M. Brown, B. E. Brunk, J. A. Brunk, J. L. Buat, P. Buchardt, B.Buckland, S. J.Buddemeier, R.W. Buden, D. W. Buestel, D Buestel, D. Buigues, D.Bula-Meyer, G. Burger, J. C.L., Morgan Caeiro, S. Caisey, X. Camoin, G. Camoin, G. F.Cardellina, J. H., III Caristan, Y. Carius, R. T.Carleton, J. H. Carlson, B. Caroff, M.Carson-Ewart, B. M. Carvacho, A.Casanova, J.P. Castillo, P. Cattin, R. Caumette, P. Chan, L. Chao, S. -Y.Chariband, J. M.Charpy Roubaud, C. Charpy, L Charpy, L. Charpy, LoicCharpy-Roubaud, C.Charpy-Roubaud, C. J.Charpy-Roubaud, C.J.Charpy-Roubaud, ClaudeCharpyroubaud, C. J. Chauvet, C Chauvet, C. Chazottes, V. Che, L. M. Cheicante, RL Chen, C. -C. Chen, Q.J. Chen, Ruiqiu Chess, J.R.Chevalier, J.P. Chevillon, C. Chiappini, R. Chinnaraj, S.Chisholm, J. R. M. Christian, H.Christie, D. M.Claereboudt, M. Clark, C. D. Clarke, R. P. Clavier, J.coCoesel, P. F. M. Cohen, A. L. Cohen, Y. Colborn, T.Colborn, T. L. Cole, J.E. Coles, S.L. Colin, C. Coll, J. C. Colleagues Collins, W.H. Comps, Michel Conant, S. Connell, J. Cook, C.W. Cooper, M. Cooper, P. Cornette, Y. Cotter, J. Craig, Pcrcp@africaonline Creasy, WRCremoux, J. L.Crermoux, J.L. Croft, R. A. Crow, G.L. Cummins, K.D'-Hondt, J. L. D, Broc D, Texier Dahlgaard, H. Dai, Jin-Rui Dallot, P. Dalzell, P.Dandonneau, Y. Day, P. J. De Vries, W. Decho, A. W.Deleersnijder, E. Delesalle, B.Delesalle, Bruno Denizot, M. Deslandes, E.Desrosieres, R.Destrigneville, C. Devassy, V.P. Diaz, J. M.Diaz-Pulido, G.Dickinson, W. R. Dieu, J. L. DM, LuxtonDoherty, P. J. Donaldson, A. Doumenge, F. Dovlete, C.dpi Drew, E. A. Drew, E.A. Duarte, C.M. Dudoignon, P. Dufour, P. Dufour, V. Dunbar, RB Duncan, R. Dunne, R. P. DuPaul, W.D. Dupuy, C. Duquesne, S. Durst, HD Dyble, J. Eagle, R. J. Easley, D.H.Economakis, A. E.Edwards, A. J.El-Khangi, F. A.El-Nigumi, Y. O.Elderfield, H.%$#""  33250)Brock, J. C. Sathyendranath, S. Platt, T.  1998ARABIAN SEA; ATLANTIC OCEAN; CENTRAL NORTH PACIFIC; CHLOROPHYLL MAXIMA; DEEP OCEAN; NATURAL-WATERS; ORGANIC-MATTER; PHYTOPLANKTON; PLANKTON; SOUTHWEST MONSOONRLBrock JC, NOAA, Coastal Serv Ctr, 2234 S Hobson Ave, Charleston,SC 29405 USAF@Biohydro-optical classification of the northwestern Indian Ocean& Marine Ecology - Progress Series& Marine Ecology - Progress Series 165i1  1-15  An approach to a partial solution to the general problem of defining biogeochemical provinces for the accurate estimation of global-ocean primary production and realistic structuring of epipelagic plankton ecosystem models is presented for the northwestern Indian Ocean. This is accomplished through use of a new technique, biohydro-optical classification, that applies a rudimentary submarine light budget incorporating climatologies of incident light, mixed-layer thickness, and chlorophyll to recognize fundamental modes of tropical plankton ecosystems. The 3 types of biohydro-optical classes found in the Arabian Sea, Typical Tropical, Mixed-Layer Bloom, and Transitional, are shown to evolve through the spring intermonsoon (March through May), summer southwest monsoon (June through August), and fall. Intermonsoon (September through November) under climatic forcing and in response to the resulting biological variability. Virtually all of the open Arabian Sea is within the Typical Tropical Class at the close of the spring intermonsoon. This class type is intended to identify the epipelagic plankton ecosystem mode associated with tropical regions containing a deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) maintained by active algal growth, and a light-rich, oligotrophic shallow zone containing a phytoplankton association which depends largely upon regenerated nutrients. At the close of the southwest monsoon in August, a Mixed-Layer Bloom Province covers much of the northern Arabian Sea. This province class corresponds to the ecosystem mode represented by tropical regions undergoing marginal or mid-ocean upwelling and greatly simplifies regional extrapolation of the local primary production algorithm. At the onset of the fall intermonsoon, the Mixed-Layer Bloom Province in the northern and western Arabian Sea is superseded by a Transitional Province, which persists through the fall intermonsoon. We interpret the upper layer of the fall intermonsoon Transitional Province in the Arabian Sea as a special case of the shallow regenerative plankton ecosystem of oligotrophic ocean areas, where rates of zooplankton-driven nutrient regeneration and recycled production, key processes in the upper layer of the classic 2-layer euphotic zone of oligotrophic low-latitude oceans, reach extreme values.(!Buddemeier, R.W. Oberdorfer, J.A. 1986jcInternal hydrology and geochemistry of coral reefs and atoll islands: key to diagenetic variations. "Schroeder, J.H. Purser, B.H.Reefs diagenesis Berlin Heidelberg New york Springer 91-111 A rcuperer60The reptiles of Kapingamarangi Atoll, Micronesia Buden, D. W. 1998.(Atoll Research Bulletin [Atoll Res Bull] 450e 458D&Using Smart Source Parsing 13pp,NGTwo species of sea turtles and eight lizards comprise the herpetofauna of Kapingamarangi Atoll; the giant Micronesian gecko (Perochirus scutellatus) is unknown elsewhere. The mourning gecko (Lepidodactylus lugubris), oceanic gecko (Gehyra oceanica), and azure-tailed copper-striped skink (Emoia impar) are the most common and widespread species, being recorded on 100%, 97%, and 87% of the 31 islands, respectively. The stump-toed gecko (Gehyra mutilata) and the Pacific blue-tailed skink (Emoia caeruleocauda), both known from only a scattering of older records from the most densely inhabited and most frequently visited islands, may be extirpated or possibly still exist locally in very small numbers. Sea turtles are rare and none was observed during the present study, but local residents indicate they were more numerous in the past.Oceanic-islands; Atolls-; Biota-; Community-composition; Biological-surveys; Gehyra-mutilata; Gehyra-oceanica; Perochirus-scutellatus; Lepidodactylus-lugubris; Emoia-caeruleocauda; Emoia-impar; Reptilia-; Micronesia,-Pohnpei,-Kapingamarangi-Atoll[Ecophysiology of the pearl oyster. Relations between the growth of the oyster Pinctada margaritifera and the environment in Takapoto Atoll (Tuamotu archipelago)]d^Buestel, D. Pouvreau, S. Tiaparri, J. Bougrier, S. Chariband, J. M. Geairon, P. Fougerouse, A. 19950*Taravao Tahiti Polynesie Francaise Ifremer 132u$Using Smart Source Parsing pp A study of pearl oysters Pinctada margaritifera growth and mortality was done on a monthly basis between June 1990 and September 1991 in Takapoto Atoll (Tuamotu Archipelago). Meanwhile, sampling parameters representative of bivalves food showed a remarquable spatial stability, whithin the lagoon. The amplitude of temporal variability varied in the order of some days. Carrying capacity appears low: energetic content of particulate material in waters is about 2 joules/liter, ten time. lower than in temperate areas. On the opposite, seasonal effect is reduced and particulate food is always available. Oysters rearing conditions were appropriate during the studied period with a low mortality rate and a regular growth in size (from 97 mm to 136 mm). Pearls oysters regularly used the available energy without accumulating tissue reserves. Gonad maturation was continue during the year with a strong variability between individuals. Growth of reared oysters was faster than the growth of natural stock oysters. Two kinds of methods for a optimized management of pearl oyster culture are presented: regular acquisition on growth, rearing stocks and environnement data and direct determination of carrying capacity by analytic methods.trophic-relationships; atolls-; growth-; mortality-; rearing-; Bivalvia-; Pinctada-margaritifera; ISE,-Pacific,-French-Polynesia,-Tuamotu-Is.,-Takapoto-Atollmb$0001669155-0014ob\Mass mortality of macrobenthic communities in the lagoon of Hikueru atoll (French Polynesia)*$Adjerod, M. Andrefouet, S. Payri, C.'xrAdjerod, M; Ctr Rech Insulaires & Observ Environm; BP 1013; Moorea; Fr Polynesia Adjerod, M: adjeroud@univ-perp.fr Coral Reefs  Janu 2001193l287-291,:4Univ Perpignan, Ecole Prat Hautes Etud, Ctr Biol & Ecol Trop & Mediterraneenne, CNRS,URA 1453, F-66860 Perpignan, France; Univ S Florida, Dept Marine Sci Remote Sensing & Biol Oceanog, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA; Univ Francaise Pacifique, Lab Ecol Marine, Faaa Aeroport, Tahiti, Fr Polynesia Article EnglishEpibenthic macrofauna communities (corals, molluscs, echinoderms, and macroalgae) were investigated at Hikueru Atoll, Tuamotu Archipelago. The very low diversity and abundance that we observed (1 coral genus, and 2 mollusc, 1 echinoderm, and 17 macroalgal species) is likely to be the result of a mass mortality event that occurred 18 months earlier. Hydrological surveys suggest that this high mortality was the result of a major dystrophic crisis. Other atoll lagoons in the Tuamotu Archipelago have also been affected by high mortalities in the past, but Hikueru appears to have been the most frequently and intensely affected. The present study confirms that mass mortalities associated with phytoplankton blooms may be one of the major disturbances affecting coral reef ecosystems.rlAquatic-sciences coral-reefs; Tuamotu-Archipelago; dystrophic-crisis; disturbance- Coral-reef; blooms-; bay-|uLong-term changes of epibenthic macrofauna communities in a closed lagoon (Taiaro Atoll, French Polynesia): 1972-1994 Adjeroud, M. Hydrobiologia5 356a 1-3k 11-19o 1997Epibenthic macrofauna communities (species composition and densities of the dominant species) were investigated at Taiaro Atoll, Tuamotu Archipelago, 22 years after a previous survey. This small atoll is completely closed, has no permanent functional hoa, and is not affected by direct anthropogenic disturbances since it is a Biosphere Reserve. Ten species were identified in 1994 (5 molluscs, 4 corals, and 1 echinoderm). With the 14 species identified in 1972 (12 molluscs, 1 coral, and 1 echinoderm), a total of 17 species (12 molluscs, 4 corals, and 1 echinoderm) has been recorded for the lagoon. There has been a shift in dominance away from the bivalve Crassostrea cucullata (in 1972) to Pinctada maculata (in 1994). A high mortality of the epibenthic macrofauna affected the central part of the lagoon shortly before 1972 and reached the inner reef flat afterwards. The distance of Taiaro from sources of colonizers, its small size, and the isolation of its lagoonal waters posing a physical barrier to colonization by organisms and leading to harsh environmental conditions (e.g. very high salinities: 42.5-43 psu), are likely to be the major causes of the exceptionally low diversity observed.Epibiosis-; Long-term-changes; Zoobenthos-; Atoll-lagoons; Biological-surveys; Check-lists; Dominant-species; lagoons-; French-Polynesia; Invertebrata-; ISEW,-Pacific,-French-Polynesia,-Tuamotu-Is.,-Taiaro-Atolly ,&Leclerc AM Baptiste PJ Texier D Broc D 1999PJDensity-induced water circulations in atoll coral reefs: A numerical studyLimnology & Oceanography445l 1268-1281' 0024-3590( 219ZN(zsEndo-upwelling concept/ French-polynesia/ Island hydrology/ Model/ Flow/ Hydrogeology/ Convection/ Mururoa/ TuamotunGroundwater flow in an idealized atoll platform is simulated with CASTEM 2000, a computer code developed at the CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique). Darcy's law and a coupled solute transport equation (diffusion-dispersion-convection) is solved by the mixed-hybrid finite-element method. Inward and upward circulations of oceanic water are shown to occur. These steady-stare circulations result from temperature and, to a lesser extent, salinity gradients, Inclusion of a karstified dolomitic horizon, observed at the base of the carbonate structure of certain atolls, is necessary to account for the negative vertical temperature gradient indicated by field data. The position of the platform in relation to the oceanic temperature and salinity distributions exerts a significant control on the interstitial hydraulic regime. The effect of a secondary karstic layer closer to sea surface is also modeled. In this case, calculations show that the near-surface carbonate edifice is deprived of a significant portion of the flow. Finally, an upper limit on the possible how rare through the platform is calculated. This upper estimate is shown to be independent of the possible uncertainties on the hydraulic conductivity of the system. Corresponding upper limits on the nutrient fluxes of PO43- and NO3- are evaluated. A comparison with current import and export data for the surface ecosystem indicates that in every case, nutrient fluxes hardly reach a few percent of the exports. Therefore, the deep oceanic nutrient pool brought to the surface by thermally driven interstitial circulation is only a minor nutrient source for the reef ecosystem. [References: 42](03) Leclerc AM/CEA, CNRS, Lab Sci Climat & Environm/Bat 709,Orme Merisiers/F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette/France/ /CEA, CNRS, Lab Sci Climat & Environm/F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette/France/ /CENS, CEA, DRN,DMT, SEMT,TTMF/F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette/France (19) AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY, 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA (42) Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences/Article/English/Aquatic Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences0001731966-0010ojdWater renewal time for classification of atoll lagoons in the Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia).(Andrefouet, S. Pages, J. Tartinville, B.'Andrefouet, S; Univ S Florida; Coll Marine Sci; 140 7th Av S; St Petersburg; FL 33701; USA Andrefouet, S: serge@carbon.marine.usf.edur Coral Reefsi Dec  2001204A399-408,Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, Remote Sensing Biol Oceanog Lab, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA; Ctr Tahiti, Inst Rech Dev, Papeete, Fr Polynesia; Univ Catholique Louvain, Inst Astron & Geophys Georges Lemaitre, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium Article EnglishtvoThe feasibility of using hydrodynamic renewal time as the basis for a classification of atoll lagoons is tested for atolls of the Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia. Renewal time depends on the inflow of oceanic water through the rim of the atoll, on a daily time scale, due to wave forcing. Renewal time is computed for a large set of morphologically diverse atolls, according to significant wave height (satellite altimetry data), morphometric indicators (high-resolution satellite images), and in-situ flow measurements. Renewal times with respect to wave height are presented for a variety of atolls. Renewal times range from less than 1 day for very open and shallow atolls, to several tens of days for semi-open moderately deep atolls, and to several years for closed or very large and deep atolls. Comparisons between phytoplanktonic biomass (in the range 0.1 to 1 mug l(-1) for total chlorophyll) and renewal time (0.1 to 130 days) leads to the identification of two groups of atolls. We obtain a significant relationship between biomass and renewal time, but only for atolls with lagoon surface areas greater than 25 km(2). Aquatic-sciences lagoon-; atoll-; hydrodynamics-; residence-time; phytoplankton-; SPOT-; landsat-; TOPEX-; ERS-1 Coral-reef-systems; phytoplankton-biomass; residence-time; circulation-; ocean-; scale-; wind-g   25-38A:4Adjeroud, M. Andrefouet, S. Payri, C. Orempuller, J.Physical factors of differentiation in macrobenthic communities between atoll lagoons in the Central Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia)r("coral reefs; Tuamotu Archipelago; canonical correspondence analysis; correlations; species composition; diversity; abundance CANONICAL CORRESPONDENCE-ANALYSIS; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; CORAL-REEFS; MULTIPLE STRESSORS; REGIONAL PROCESSES; SPECIES RICHNESS; TAIARO ATOLL; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; FISH Nine atolls were characterized in order to understand how physical factors control the species composition, diversity, and abundance of macrobenthic (coral, mollusc, echinoderm, and algal) communities inside the lagoons. Only one region, the central part of Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia, was considered, in order to minimise the variation due to regional factors between regions. The lagoons investigated showed a gradient of physical factors, providing various landscape configurations. The physical factors were surface area, abundance of pinnacles, degree of hydrodynamic aperture, and relative importance of passes in this degree of aperture. Macrobenthic communities were characterized by low diversity and strong dominance of a few mollusc or echinoderm species that generally occurred in lagoons without passes. Correlation analyses indicated that species richness increases with the surface area of the lagoon. Species richness of corals, echinoderms, and macroalgae was also higher in lagoons having numerous pinnacles. Canonical correspondence analyses revealed that the distribution and the relative abundance of coral, echinoderm, and macroalgae species were correlated to the relative importance of passes, whereas degree of aperture of the lagoon was also relevant for corals and molluscs. The physical factors that control the processes of water exchange between ocean and lagoon, including passes, submerged reef flats, and spillways, influence the identity and the abundance of most macrobenthic species inside the lagoons.o$Marine Ecology-Progress Series("Article English MAR ECOL-PROGR SERMar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. 2000 196lPBS Record: 6950t&Aharon, P. Socki, R.A. Chan, L.jcDolomitization of atolls by sea water convection flow : test of a hypothesis at Niue, South PacificJournal of Geology 198795187-203e 708e EndoupwellinganhStatus of the communities in the four atolls: Their perceptions, problems, and options for participation Ali, A. T. 1996VPWorkshop on Integrated Reef Resources Management in the Maldives. Male, Maldives197-2107piUsing Smart Source Parsing 16-20-March,- Nickerson,-D.J.-eds.;Maniku,-M.H.-eds. Madras-India BOBP 1997 ppiThe Maldivian communities in Vaavu, Meemu, Faafu, and Dhaalu atolls are generally well-aware of major issues on reef resources and are concerned with the depletion of some of these resources. There are major implications in sharing resources and potential conflicts between the grouper fishery and the baitfishery. The sharing of resources is creating social problems and conflicts. Communities believe that coral mining destroys reef resources and island environments. Some solutions to this issue include appropriate regulations, coral culture, availability of improved quality and increased use of bricks for construction purposes. Extension of tourism activities into new areas must consider ways of sharing reef resources with fishing communities. Issues concerning over-exploitation of reef resources are related to rapid growth of population and lack of sustainable development. As such, control of such factors including the even distribution of population is also necessary to avoid pressure on reef resources in one single area. Atoll and island administrations require additional personnel and facilities to play an effective role in monitoring and management of reef resources. Coral-reefs; Resource-management; Environment-management; Fishery-resources; Fishery-management; Atolls-; ISW,-Indian-Ocean,-Maldive-Is.XRAn annotated check lists of the fish of Clipperton Atoll, tropical eastern Pacific$Allen, G. R. Robertson, D. R.eRev.-Biol.-Trop.452e813-843l 1997The families found at the island are: Muraenidae, Carangidae, Labridae, Holocentridae, Serranidae and Balistidae. Represent 14% of the tropical eastern Pacific nearshore fish fauna. The 115 species include 14 offshore pelagic species, 22 inshore pelagic and midwater species, 70 demersal species that live on hard reef substrata, and nine demersal species that live in unconsolidated substrata. Among the 101 non-oceanic species, 68% are carnivorous on mobile organisms, 9.2 % feed on sesile benthic invertebrates, 12.9% are planktivorous, and 17.8% are benthic feeding herbivorous. Clipperton's fish include 63 transpacific species and 52 endemic species.NHCheck-lists; Tropical-fish; Muraenidae-; Balistidae-; ISE,-Clipperton-I.n 0001681892-0006cpiTypology of atoll rims in Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia) at landscape scale using SPOT HRV imagesJF@Andrefouet, S. Claereboudt, M. Matsakis, P. Pages, J. Dufour, P.'xqAndrefouet, S; Univ Francaise Pacif; Lab Geosci Marines & Teledetect; BP 6570,Faaa Aeroport; Tahiti; Fr Polynesias.'International Journal of Remote Sensing Apr 2001226987-1004Univ Francaise Pacif, Lab Geosci Marines & Teledetect, Tahiti, Fr Polynesia; Univ S Florida, Remote Sensing Biol Oceanog Lab, Dept Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA; Ctr Oceanol Marseille, IRD, F-1037 Marseille, France; Sultan Qaboos Univ, Coll Agr, Dept Fisheries, Al Khad, Oman; Univ Toulouse 3, Inst Rech Informat Toulouse, F-31062 Toulouse, France; Ctr IRD Tahiti, Papeete, Tahiti, Fr Polynesia Article English$The lagoon of an atoll is separated from the ocean by a rim. As the rim controls the flux of water between ocean and lagoon, its structure is one of the major forcing factors of the biological processes that depend on the renewal rate of lagoonal water. Characterizing rim structure and its degree of hydrodynamic aperture is mandatory for comparing the functioning of different atoll lagoons. This paper characterizes at landscape scale the different types of rims of the atolls of the Tuamotu Archipelago ( French Polynesia) using SPOT HRV multi-spectral images. The classification of 117 segments of rims highlights nine different rims. They differ in the relative importance of vegetated, submerged, intertidal and emerged domains. These classes are recognized with accuracy greater than 85% using a simple statistical supervised algorithm. A gradient of hydrodynamic aperture is described, from 0.02%-very closed rim exposed to the north, to 0.65%-wide open rim exposed to dominant southern swell. We show that most of these nine rims have a preferential exposure. According to the direction of the dominant swell in the Tuamotu region, such exposure may explain the structure of the rims and their degree of hydrodynamic aperture. We discuss the implications of these results for research and management.Earth-sciences Pacific-ocean; residence-time; coral-; water-; classification-; indicators-; morphology-; accuracy-; systems-; lagoon-tpjA possible link between coral diseases and a corallivorous snail (Drupella cornus) outbreak in the Red SeaAntonius, A. Riegl, B.Atoll-Res.-Bull.443-449u 447 2-9e 1997In April-May and September 1996, a total of 25 reefs were studied between Taba and Ras Mohammed in the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. In only four of these reefs Drupella cornus showed up in the transects in low numbers and coral diseases were found at a moderate level on most reefs. Only the reefs of Ras umm Sidd, near Sharm el Sheikh, exhibited Drupella cornus as well as coral diseases both at abundant or even epidemic levels. There definitely seems to be a correlation between abundance of snail and diseases, but the question of "what comes first" remains to be investigated: does massive coral die-off (mostly White Syndromes) attract or benefit Drupella cornus and thus promote a population explosion, or does a massive D. cornus invasion promote an epidemic of White Syndromes on corals?Disease-transmission; Coral-; Marine-molluscs; Coral-reefs; Predators-; Biological-vectors; Drupella-cornus; Acropora-hemprichi; ISW,-Red-Sea,-Aqaba-GulfAtkinson, M.J. 1992ZTProductivity of Enewetak Atoll Reef Flats Predicted from Mass Transfer Relationships Continental Shelf Research12 7-8.799-807. 541 PBS Record: 30 2+ORGANIC CARBON PRODUCTION/ COMMUNITY/ ATOLLBThe productivity of a coral reef flat at Enewetak Atoll is calculated by assuming phosphate (P) uptake is mass transfer limited, and then scaling P uptake to carbon (C) fixation. The approach is to treat the coral reef flat as a rough surface in fully-developed turbulent flow. Input parameters to the equations are water velocity, depth, roughness height of the reef, P concentration and the C:P ratio of autotrophs. A 9-day continuous record of water velocity and depth over the windward reef flats of Enewetak Atoll is used to compare an estimate of productivity from the model to the measured productivity. The calculated productivity is 542 +/- 79 mmol C m-2 day-1 and the measured productivity is 500 mmol C m-2 day-1. Although there are few experiments to verify empirical scaling of engineering equations to reef communities, these results indicate that neither alternative external supplies of P, nor biological mechanisms of recycling appear to be required to support the high areal productivity of the Enewetak reef flats. A high flow rate of tropical surface water across reef flats can account for the elevated productivity of these communities.lf(03) MJ Atkinson/Univ Hawaii/Hawaii Inst Marine Biol/POB 1346/Kaneohe, HI 96744 (42) English Article EC23,%Atkinson, M.J. Carlson, B. Crow, G.L.. 1995yCoral growth in high-nutrient, low-pH seawater: A case study of corals cultured at the Waikiki Aquarium, Honolulu, Hawaiis Coral Reefs144 215-223B 0722-4028a TM292PBS Record: 1040cD=REEF-FLAT COMMUNITIES/ PHOSPHATE-UPTAKE/ MASS-TRANSFER/ ATOLL Fifty-seven species of hermatypic corals have been maintained and grown in high-nutrient seawater at the Waikiki Aquarium, Honolulu, Hawaii. In this study we document the chemical conditions of aquarium water in terms of dissolved nutrients and carbon. Aquarium water is characterized by concentrations of inorganic nutrients that are high relative to most natural reef ecosystems: SiO(3)(similar to)200 mu M; PO(4)(similar to)0.6 mu M; NO(3)(similar to)5 mu M; NH4 (similar to)2 mu M In contrast, concentrations of organic nutrients are lower than most tropical surface ocean waters: DOP (similar to)0.1 mu M and DON (similar to)4 mu M. The incoming well-water servicing the facility has low pH, creating over-saturation of carbon dioxide. The coral communities in aquaria took up inorganic nutrients and released organic nutrients, Rates of nutrient uptake into aquaria coral communities-were similar to nutrient uptake by natural reef communities. Coral growth rates were near the upper rates reported from the field, demonstrating corals can and do flourish in relatively high-nutrient water. The growth of corals does not appear to be inhibited at concentrations of nitrogen up to 5 mu M Statements implying that corals can only grow in low nutrient oligotrophic seawater are therefore oversimplifications of processes that govern growth of these organisms. Some basic guidelines are given for maintenance of coral communities in aquaria. d^(03) MJ Atkinson/Hawaii Inst Marine Biol/POB 1346/Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA (42) English Article! l<*#Boehlert, G.W. Watson, W. Sun, L.C.b 1992vpHorizontal and Vertical Distributions of Larval Fishes Around an Isolated Oceanic Island in the Tropical Pacific@:Deep - Sea Research Part A - Oceanographic Research Papers39 3-4A439-466 250PBS Record: 100GREAT BARRIER-REEF/ CORAL-REEF/ SARGASSO SEA/ LIZARD ISLAND/ RECRUITMENT/ PATTERNS/ MASS/ ICHTHYOPLANKTON/ MESOZOOPLANKTON/ LEPTOCEPHALIIchthyoplankton and oceanographic sampling was conducted in November 1984 in waters surrounding Johnston Atoll (16-degrees-44'N, 169-degrees-32'W). a small, isolated atoll in the central Pacific Ocean. The typical flow pattern in this region is westward; the nearest island is in the Hawaiian Archipelago, 760 km away. Most collections were dominated by oceanic taxa. In the 0-50 m stratum, larval densities were relatively uniform horizontally. but densities down-current of the island tended to be higher, and fish eggs were concentrated there. In the 50-100 m stratum. larval abundance on the down-current side of the island was markedly higher than either up-current or farther down-current. Oceanic taxa did not display this pattern, while marked areas of very high abundance characterized the island-related taxa, the most abundant including the gobiid Eviota epiphanes and the apogonid Pseudamiops sp. Estimates of geostrophic flow indicate that the region down-current of the atoll was one of return flow associated with apparent mesoscale eddies or meanders north and west of the island. This region may serve as a down-current retention area for the pelagic larvae of island-related taxa and may facilitate recruitment back to the source populations.(03) GW Boehlert/NOAA/Natl Marine Fisheries Serv/SW Fisheries Sci Ctr/Honolulu Lab/2570 Dole St/Honolulu, HI 96822 (42) English Article The role of high-energy events (hurricanes and/or tsunamis) in the sedimentation, diagenesis and karst initiation of tropical shallow water carbonate platforms and atollsBourrouilh-Le-Jan, F. G.Sediment.-Geol.c 118, 1-4T 3-36 19982+Karst morphology appears early, even during carbonate sediment deposition. Examples from modern to 125-ka-old sub-, inter- and supratidal sediments are given from the Bahamas (Atlantic Ocean) and from Tuamotuan atolls (southeastern Pacific Ocean), with mineralogical and hydrological analyses. Karstification is favoured by the aragonitic composition of bioclasts coming from the shallow marine bio-factory. Lithification by aragonite cements appears as a rim around carbonate deposits and dissolution and non-cementation start at the same time on modern supratidal deposits (Andros micrite or atoll coral rudite) and provoke the formation of a central depression on small or large carbonate platforms. In fact, this early solution of the centre of platforms is closely related to the location of each of the studied examples on hurricane tracks. High-energy events, such as hurricanes and tsunamis, affect sediment transport but hurricanes also affect diagenesis as a result of the enormous volume of freshwater carried and discharged along their paths. This couple, lithification-solution, is localised at sea level and accompanies sea-level fluctuations along the eustatic curve. Because of the precise location of hurricane action all around the Earth, early karstification by aragonite solution, cementation and supratidal carbonate sediment accumulations (high-energy trails) act together on all the platforms and atolls located inside the Tropics (23 degree 27') between roughly 5 degree -10 degree and 25 degree on both hemispheres. However, early karstification acts alone on shallow carbonate platforms including atolls along the equatorial belt between 5 degree -10 degree N and 5 degree -10 degree S. These early steps of karstification are linked to the ocean-atmosphere interface due to the bathymetrical position of shallow carbonate platforms, including atolls. They lead to complex karstified emerged platforms, called high carbonate islands, where carbonate diagenesis, together with the development of bauxite- and /or a phosphate-rich cover and phreatic lens, will occur.,&Sedimentation-; Atolls-; Hurricanes-; Diagenesis-; Sediment-Transport; Karst-; Tsunamis-; Cementation-; Sedimentary-structures; Carbonates-; Lithification-; Tropical-oceanography; Karstification-; ASW,-Caribbean-Sea,-Bahamas; ISE,-Pacific,-French-Polynesia,-Tuamotu-Is.; World-Equatorial-Waters,&Brock, J. Sathyendranath, S. Platt, T. 1993^WModelling the Seasonality of Subsurface Light and Primary Production in the Arabian Seau& Marine Ecology - Progress Series 1013209-221 0171-8630 1241PBS Record: 360OCEANIC PRIMARY PRODUCTION/ SURFACE THERMAL STRUCTURE/ INDIAN-OCEAN/ MIXED LAYER/ SOUTHWEST MONSOON/ NORTH-ATLANTIC/ SOMALI CURRENT/ PACIFIC OCEAN/ PHYTOPLANKTON/ CHLOROPHYLLSeasonal changes in mixed-layer depth and phytoplankton biomass in the Arabian Sea are assessed with climatologies of ship-based hydrographic measurements and ocean-color observations from satellite. At the close of the intermonsoons in November and especially May, the open Arabian Sea resembles the stereotypic, unperturbed tropical ocean, with a thin oligotrophic mixed layer and a pronounced subsurface chlorophyll maximum. Both the northeast and southwest monsoons disrupt this typical tropical hydrography through mixed-layer deepening and eutrophication in the central and northern Arabian Sea. Computations using a spectral model of light penetration suggest that seasonal changes in mixed-layer thickness and phytoplankton concentration result in pronounced fluctuations through the annual cycle in the radiant flux reaching the base of the mixed layer. At the close of the fall and spring intermonsoons the base of the model euphotic zone is in the thermocline across all of the open Arabian Sea. The euphotic zone appears to rise into the mixed layer of the northern Arabian Sea during both the winter and summer monsoons. Strong seasonality in total primary production and its partitioning between the mixed layer and thermocline is predicted by a photosynthesis-irradiance model for a site in the western Arabian Sea (14.36-degrees N, 57.38-degrees E). Modeled mixed-layer primary production depicts an intense peak for the southwest monsoon and a secondary northeast monsoon peak separated by intermonsoon periods of low production. During the fall and spring intermonsoons, in the presence of a subsurface chlorophyll maximum, the model estimate of primary production in the thermocline exceeds that in the mixed layer. Our model calculations suggest that the subsurface chlorophyll maximum present in the Arabian Sea during the spring intermonsoon is a precursor of the regional, summer, phytoplankton bloom.(03) J Brock/Fisheries & Oceans Canada/Bedford Inst Oceanog/Div Biol Oceanog/POB 1006/Dartmouth B2Y 4A2/Ns, Canada (42) English Article P576l piPCBs, DDE, DDT, and TCDD-EQ in two species of albatross on Sand Island, Midway Atoll, North Pacific OceanJf`Auman, H. J. Ludwig, J. P. Summer, C. L. Verbrugge, D. A. Froese, K. L. Colborn, T. Giesy, J. P.Environ.-Toxicol.-Chem. 163-498-504a 1997 Concentrations of total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine insecticides, including the 1,1,1-trichloro-2, 2'-bis-p-chlorophenyl-ethane (DDT) complex, were measured in the plasma of chicks and adults and in eggs of Laysan albatrosses (Diomedea immutabilis) and black-footed albatrosses (Diomedea nigripes) in a remote area of the central North Pacific Ocean. Significant differences in total concentrations of PCBs, DDT, and 1,1-dichloro-2,2'-bis-p-chlorophenyl-ethylene (DDE) in the plasma were detected between species and among sampling periods. Current concentrations of DDE in eggs of Laysan albatrosses are well below the threshold for eggshell thinning, based on the sensitivities of other fish-eating birds, whereas concentrations of DDE in eggs of black-footed albatrosses were approximately one-half of the threshold concentrations necessary for eggshell thinning. The shells of Laysan and black-footed albatross eggs are not currently exhibiting significant thinning that is resulting in population-level effects. Current concentrations of PCBs are near those that could be having subtle population-level effects in the black-footed albatross, but not in the Laysan albatross. The hazard posed to the albatrosses by current concentrations of PCBs was assessed by calculating a hazard quotient (HQ), based on composite dose-response relationships for other species. Dioxin equivalents (TEq) based on mammalian toxic equivalency factors resulted in the greatest HQ, which was near the concentration when embryo lethality and deformities are observed in fish-eating colonial waterbirds of the North American Great Lakes. Current concentrations of both PCBs and the DDT complex were similar to those in some species of piscivorous birds of the North American Great Lakes region.ywildlife-; PCB-compounds; DDE-; DDT-; TCDD-; organochlorine-compounds; insecticides-; Diomedea-immutabilis; Diomedea-nigripes; aquatic-birds; eggs-; bioaccumulation-; Pacific-Ocean,-Midway-Atoll,-Sand-I.; PCB-; chlorinated-hydrocarbons; bird-eggs; marine-birds; polychlorinated-biphenyls; birds-; water-pollution-effects; Diomedea-immutabilis; Diomedea-nigripes; ISE,-Midway-I.rlPreliminary description of Borzia elongata p. nov., a representative of a valid genus in the Oscillatoriales2,Baker, K. K. Patterson, G. M. L. Ikagawa, M.*$Arch.-Hydrobiol.-Suppl.-Algol.-Stud. 118. 1-122,Referred to also as Algological Studies, 84. 1997f`Trichomes have been isolated from marine sand in the intertidal area of Johnston Atoll (16 degree 44'56"N, 16 degree 30'29"W) and identified as belonging to the species Borzia elongata p. nov (family Borziaceae). The species differs from previously described species by its longer mean trichome length (256 mu m and 82 cells) and the convoluted shape of the thylakoids. The objective of the present research was to document morphological variation in culture. Trichomes were bright bluegreen and had an mean doubling time of 0.11 ( plus or minus 0.02 SD)/day. Higher growth rates were seen under low salinity and neutral to alkaline pH conditions. Cell shape was compressed globose with slight indentations between cells. The range of cell size was 3-6 mu m wide by 2-4 mu m long. Cell division was not localized and trichomes freqently fragmentes into smaller pieces. The trichome length ranged from 16-2006 mu m. No sheaths, motility hormogonia, heterocysts, akinetes, and or necridia (as seen inHormoscilla)were present. End cells were occasionally more narrow and elongate than other vegetative cells. Large cyanophycin granules and carboxysomes were seen in the cytoplasm. The characteristics were stable in culture. The data support the view that the genusBorzia s a valid genus in the Oscillatoriales and that the organisms are not isolated hormogonia of other species.0*electron-microscopy; pH-; Oscillatoriales-haFeasibility study on farming, processing and export of Eucheuma (seaweeds). Laamu Atoll, MaldivesrBarraca, R. T., Sr. 1996Bangkok Thailand Fao21$Using Smart Source Parsing pp;The findings are presented of a consultancy conducted in Laamu Atoll, Maldives, to determine the feasibility of the farming, processing and export of seaweeds (Eucheuma). A list is given of criteria for determining the suitability of Laamu Atoll for Eucheuma culture, and an examination made of the benefits of cultivating the seaweed. The performance of test plants at Gamu Island is described. It was concluded that almost all plantable sites for Eucheuma in several islands of the Laamu Atoll meet the environmental suitability criteria. Recommendations regarding technology for seaweed farming, and the processing and marketing of the seaweeds are included.seaweed-culture; aquaculture-development; site-selection; feasibility-studies; report-literature; Eucheuma-; ISW,-Indian-Ocean,-Maldive-Is.,-Laamu-Atoll; Maldive-Is.haFeasibility study on farming, processing and export of Eucheuma (seaweeds). Laamu Atoll, MaldivesaBarraca, R. T., Sr.t 1997Bangkok Thailand FAO5i$Using Smart Source Parsing ppaRLThe findings are presented of a mission conducted in Laamu Atoll, Maldives, in March 1997 to evaluate the performance of Eucheuma culture, as a follow-up to a previous technical assistance conducted in February 1996 to introduce the floating net-bag technique, and also to introduce post-harvest technology to the project staff and workers. It was concluded that the seaweed project has been successful in the experimental and pilot farm stages, and is now ready to start the commercialization stage. A plan of action is recommended, following termination of project funding in June 1997.~xSeaweed-culture; Aquaculture-development; Aquaculture-techniques; Eucheuma-; ISW,-Indian-Ocean,-Maldive-Is.,-Laamu-Atoll Basillais, E. 1997:3Coral surfaces and fractal dimensions: a new method0*C.-R.-Acad.-Sci.-Ser.-3-Sci.-Vie-Life-Sci. 3208653-657hbCoral-; Organism-morphology; Coral-reefs; Pacillopora-; Acropora-; Porites-; ISE,-French-PolynesiaPJWe present details of a completely new method designed to estimate the surface of coral colonies at different scales. The scales (0.3 mm to 10 cm) are derived from the colony structural elements (colony, branches or undulations, verrucae, calices, septa). The results, obtained for 126 colonies from among the three main morphologies (genera Pocillopora, Acropora, Porites) of the outer reef slopes of the Tikehau atoll (French Polynesia), are used to determine the fractal dimension of each colony. A statistical study shows a tendency to homogeneity of fractal dimensions around 2.64. EC 3NGNorthwestern Pacific atolls and guyots: ODP Leg 143 preliminary resultsiBaudin, F. Arnaud, H. Sager, W. W. Winterer, E. L. Firth, J. Baker, P. E. Bralower, T. Castillo, P. Cooper, P. Flood, P. G. Golovchenko, X. Iryu, Y. Ivanov, M. Jenkyns, H. C.B;C.-R.-Acad.-Sci.-Ser.-2-Mec.-Phys.-Chim.-Sci.-Terre-Universa 316a49505-511. 1993During Leg 143, 12 holes located on 6 sites allowed study of (1) the development, growth and drowning of two Cretaceous atolls in the NW-Pacific, (2) the Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary archipelagic apron adjacent to Bikini Atoll in Marshall Islands and (3) the shallow-water drilling capability of Joides-Resolution. About 3800 m of sediment and basalt were cored with water-depths varying from 38 to 4800 m. A new history of evolution of Early Cretaceous guyots in the Mid-Pacific Mountains is now proposed.tLFAtolls-; Guyots-; Cretaceous-; Sediments-; Basalts-; Northwest-Pacificn PBS Record: 2780R& Bernat, M. Loubet, M. Baumer, A.60On the Origin of Phosphates from the Nauru AtollOceanologica Acta 1991144325-331(42) French Article\UM Bernat/Lab Geochim Isotop/Unite Rech Associee 132/Parc Valrose/F-06034 Nice, Franceg GG200avpRARE-EARTH ELEMENTS/ ISOTOPES/ PACIFIC/ ND-143-ND-144/ PHOSPHORITES/ GEOCHEMISTRY/ SEDIMENTS/ DEPOSITS/ ATLANTIC$Life and death of coral reefs; Birkeland, C.L 1997(!NEW YORK, NY USA CHAPMAN and HALLN 554NHUsing Smart Source Parsing pp Price: US$79.95, ordering: (800) 842-3636.Living coral is a thin veneer, measured in millimeters. Yet this thin film of living tissue has shaped the face of the Earth by creating limestone structures sometimes over 1,300 m thick from the surface down to its base on volcanic rock (Enewetak Atoll), or over 2,000 km long (Great Barrier Reef). About half the world's coastlines are in the tropics and about a third of the tropical coastlines are made of coral reef. Archipelagoes of hundreds of atolls such as the Marshalls, the Maldives, the Tuamotus and most of the Carolines and Kiribati have been formed by coral. In addition to enlarging high islands (such as the entire northern end of Guam) and extending and protecting coastlines, ancient biogenic reefs have formed even larger areas on the present continents. Shallow living coral reefs are estimated to presently cover over 600,000 km super(2) (Smith, 1978). Coral reefs are dynamic systems, producing limestone at the rate of 400-2,000 tons per hectare per year (Chave et al., 1972). The Great Barrier Reef dominates 230,000 km super(2) and has grown to this size in a geologically brief period of a few million years. Coral reefs influence the chemical balance of the world's oceans. Roughly half the calcium that enters the sea each year around the world, from the north to south poles, is taken up and temporarily bound into coral reefs (Smith, 1978). With each atom of calcium, a molecule of CO sub(2) is also deposited, with gross CO sub(2) fixation estimated on the order of 700 billion kg carbon per year. Coral reefs and many of the present genera of corals have been around since long before the prairies or other ecosystems of grasses existed. The genera Leptoria and Montastrea were around before the class Angiospermae (flowering plants) dominated the terrestrial realm. Yet coral reefs and other systems based on plant-animal symbioses are especially sensitive and vanish about a million years before other groups of organisms each time there is a global mass extinction (Copper, 1994). Reefs of plant-animal symbioses have occupied over 10 times their present area at some times during the Paleozoic, yet at times they have vanished completely or have occupied only a hundredth of their present area.TNcoral-reefs; nature-conservation; biological-surveys; environmental-monitoringvoSize Composition of Particulate Organic Matter in the Lagoon of Tikehau Atoll Tuamotu Archipelago Pacific Ocean,%Blanchot, J. Charpy, L. Le Borgne, R. 1989Marine Biology 102t3r329-340i:3Suspended particulate matter was comprehensively investigated from 6 to 17 April 1986 in the lagoon of Tikehau atoll (15.degree.00'S; 148.degree.10'W). Dry weight (DW), particulate organic carbon (POC), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and chlorophyll a were measured for five size-classes (0.2 to 0.8 .mu.m, 0.8 to 3 .mu.m, 3 to 35 .mu.m, 35 to 200 .mu.m, and 200 to 2 000 .mu.m). Taxa were identified and counted for the whole plankton (both autotrophic and heterotrophic). Particles <3 .mu.m accounted for 81% of the total POC (192 mg m-1), and detritus comprised 82% of the total POM. Phytoplankton (cyanobacteria plus algae) accounted for 35% of the living carbon, 75% of which consisted of heterotrophic bacteria and cyanobacteria. The zooplankton biomass was composed of 31% nano-, 26% micro-, and 43% mesoplankton.<6Using Smart Source Parsing pp ENGLISH 00253162 ArticleBACD199089002611{Report of picophytoplankton study during the astro cruise in the Great Astrolabe Reef (18 degree 45'S-178 degree 30'E) FijiA Blanchot, J. 1996jcThe great Astrolabe reef lagoon Fiji: Results of the French Fijian ASTRO expedition Charpy, L. eds.s46 69-77 $Using Smart Source Parsing ppiProchlorococcus were studied with a flow cytometer, in the lagoon of the Great Astrolabe Reef (Fiji) the distribution of pico-phytoplankton within the water column was mostly homogeneous. The Prochlorococcus (Proc.) and Synechococcus (Syn.) were the most abundant groups and the picoeukaryotes (Peuk.) were an order of magnitude less abundant. The Synechococcus dominated the integrated: cell number, in vivo fluorescence and carbon biomass. In the surrounding ocean, the phytoplankton distribution was heterogeneous. Proc. and Peuk. had a subsurface maximum near the nitracline; Syn. was only abundant in surface layers and decreased drastically downward. No group clearly dominated. Prochlorococcus dominated in integrated cell numbers, whereas Synechococcus in integrated fluorescence, and picoeukaryotes in integrated carbon biomass. By comparing the present results with the results reported from offshore oligotrophic oceans and from a closed atoll, we conclude that active exchanges occur between the lagoon and the surrounding ocean.Phytoplankton-; Biological-sampling; Cells-; Fluorescence-microscopy; Carbon-; Biomass-; Prochlorococcus-; ISEW,-Fiji,-Great-Astrolabe-Reef-LagoonZY"XW Delesalle, B. Sournia, A.i 1992NGResidence Time of Water and Phytoplankton Biomass in Coral Reef Lagoons- Continental Shelf Research12 7-8939-949t 565PBS Record: 60 ATOLL LAGOON/ MATTER/ SEApjIn coral reef lagoons, the dependence of phytoplankton biomass on the residence time of waters has been considered for the past 20 years [GORDON et al. (1971) PacifiC Science, 25, 228-233] but no quantification has been attempted. This relationship is investigated here using the data available from 11 high islands and atolls in the Pacific Ocean. Despite the diversity of the geomorphological features of the lagoons, of their location in the Pacific Ocean and despite the differences in the methods used to measure both parameters, a linear relationship is established between the residence time and phytoplankton biomass expressed as chlorophyll a concentrations. This result applies to nine lagoons with a water residence time of 50 days or less. For residence time longer than 50 days, the two available sets of data (Takapoto and Tikehau atolls) show a much lower phytoplankton biomass. No significant relationship is found between the residence time and nutrient concentrations in the lagoons. The dependence of phytoplankton biomass on residence time of waters is discussed in terms of lagoon/ocean exchanges and budgets.(03) B Delesalle/Univ Perpignan/Ctr Biol & Ecol Trop & Mediterraneenne/CNRS/Ura 1453/Ecole Prat Hautes Etudes/F-66860 Perpignan, France (42) English Article P225ZTDelesalle, Bruno Sakka, Asma Legendre, Louis Pages, Jean Charpy, Loic Loret, Pascale 2001The phytoplankton of Takapoto Atoll (Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia): time and space variability of biomass, primary production and composition over 24 yearsAquatic Living Resources143175-182 2001/0The characteristics of the phytoplankton of Takapoto Atoll are reviewed from the studies conducted between 1974 and 1998. These studies mainly concerned the biomass and primary production of phytoplankton while the taxonomic composition received far less attention. The mean biomass is 0.2-0.3 [mu]g chl a.L-1. The phytoplankton is homogeneously distributed on a year scale although an higher biomass (0.8 [mu]g chl a.L-1) may temporarily exist in the south part of the atoll under moderate tradewinds or calm weather. The gross primary production reached 0.8 g C.m-2.day-1 whereas the net primary production is estimated to be 0.7 g C.m-2.day-1. No significant long-term changes of the biomass or primary production can be observed. The implications of this stability are discussed in the context of the mother-of-pearl mariculture. Size fractionated samples revealed the predominance of picophytoplankton which represented more than 60% of the phytoplankton biomass and achieved > 50% of the primary production. The taxonomic composition observed in 1974 showed the predominance of three algal groups: diatoms, dinoflagellates and coccolithophorids. The diatoms were the most diversified group, while the dinoflagellates were the most abundant. No further examination of the phytoplankton was undertaken until 1996. At that time, the microplankton was quite absent, and the phytoplankton communities were dominated by the pico- and nanophytoplankton, mainly chlorophytes, prymnesiophytes and dinoflagellates. This drastic shift of the phytoplankton communities towards smaller size is not clearly understood. It emphasises the need of taxonomic studies for a better understanding of the lagoon ecology.rkTY - JOUR, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VRH-43CBGWC-5/1/c2d4a85c679aaa5f8c789b09eab42e96 EC223Marine algae from oceanic atolls in the southwestern Caribbean (Albuquerque Cays, Cortown Cays, Serrana Bank, and Roncador Bank)$Diaz-Pulido, G. Bula-Meyer, G.Atoll-Res.-Bull.443-4497 448r 2-8I 1997vpA total of 171 taxa of benthic marine algae are recorded from four oceanic atolls in the southwestern Caribbean Sea (Albuquerque Cays, Courtown Cays, Roncador Bank and Serrana Bank). The algae were collected in the different geomorphological zones and bottom habitats occurring in these ree-complexes, and within a depth range from intertidal to 40 m. Of the total taxa found, 6 are Cyanobacteria, 61 Chlorophyta, 22 Phaenophyta and 82 Rhodophyta. Twenty seven taxa are now records for the Colombian Caribbean. The marine flora of these atolls is closely related with that of the northern Caribbean phytogeographical region.Seaweeds-; Atolls-; Coral-reefs; New-records; Distribution-records; Check-lists; Biogeography-; Taxonomy-; Community-composition; algae-; marine-flora; Colombia-; Algae-; ASW,-ColombialfHolocene Sea-Level Record on Funafuti and Potential Impact of Global Warming on Central Pacific AtollsDickinson, W. R.Quaternary-Research 512L124-132  1999NGGeomorphic features inherited from the mid-Holocene glacio-hydro-isostatic sea-level highstand that affected the central Pacific region influence the susceptibility of atoll islets to potentially enhanced wave erosion associated with rise in sea level from global warming. Shoreline morphology on multiple islets of Funafuti Atoll in central Tuvalu reflects a relative mid-Holocene sea-level highstand 2.2-2.4 m above modern sea level. Typical islets are composed of unconsolidated post-mid-Holocene sediment resting disconformably on cemented coral rubble formed beneath now-emergent mid-Holocene reef flats. Exposed remnants of the lithified islet foundations serve as resistant buttresses protecting the flanks of atoll islets from wave attack. Islets lacking cemented mid-Holocene deposits as part of their internal structure are migratory sand cays with unstable shorelines. Any future sea-level rise greater than or equal to 0.75 m, bringing high tide above the elevation of mid-Holocene low tide, might trigger enhanced wave erosion of stable atoll islets by overtopping the indurated mid-Holocene reef platforms. As analogous threshold relations are inferred for other central Pacific atolls, the risk of future inundation of island nations cannot be evaluated solely in terms of expected sea-level rise with respect to gross islet elevations.Holocene-; Eustatic-changes; Sea-level-changes; Coastal-morphology; Atolls-; Greenhouse-effect; ISEW,-Pacific,-Tuvalu,-Funafuti-Atoll,H+6*)('&tBuestel, D. Pouvreau, S. 2000`YParticulate matter in Takapoto lagoon waters: potential food for cultivated pearl oysterstOceanologica Acta\232\193-210tAtoll tuamotu archipelago. Wind-induced resuspension. Shallow tropical lagoon. French-polynesia. Pinctada-margaritifera. Phytoplankton biomass. Particle retention. Organic-matter. Size. Productivity.Results of research concerning the food of the pearl oyster Pinctada mai margaritifera are presented, by taking Takapoto atoll (Tuamotu archipelago, French Polynesia) as a study site. Monthly sampling of several parameters representative of bivalve environment and food (water temperature, salinity, mineral and organic matter, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates, chlorophyll a and phaeopigments) confirm and increase knowledge of the Takapoto lagoon hydrobiology. The variability of these parameters was analysed. Takapoto lagoon showed a remarkable spatial stability. Temporal variations showed a low seasonal trend. Local meteorology (wind, precipitation) had an influence on short-term variability (especially for mineral matter). Night and day rhythm also affected some parameters (temperature, chlorophyll a, lipids and carbohydrates). In this shellfish environment, carrying capacity appears to be low: organic matter is around 0.35 mg.L-1, chlorophyll a concentration is below 0.30 mu g L (- 1) and energetic content of particulate material in waters, approx. 2 J.L (- 1), is ten times lower than in temperate areas. On the other hand, seasonal effect is reduced and particulate food is always available. Preliminary results on carrying capacity show that cultivated pearl oysters play an insignificant role on the system in comparison with the natural trophic bivalve population. (C) 2000 Ifremer/CNRS/IRD/Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. [References: 66]iFrench Reprint available from: Pouvreau S Ctr Ifremer Cop BP 7004 Taravao Tahiti Fr Polynesia Ctr Ifremer Cop Taravao Tahiti Fr Polynesia Crema F-17137 Lhoumeau France Stn Infremer Palavas, Chem Maguelone F-34250 Palavas Flots France EC205'spouvrea@ifremer.frPBS Record: 7020i Buigues, D..haSedimentation et diagenese des formations carbonatees de l'atoll de Mururoa (Polynesie Franaise)These Univ. Paris-Sud 1982 715o endoupwellingrpjTropical zooplankton in the highly-enclosed lagoon of Taiaro Atoll (Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia)$Carleton, J. H. Doherty, P. J. Coral-Reefs.171G 29-35s 1998Nocturnal zooplankton assemblages around Taiaro Atoll were sampled over six nights during February 1994. Replicate zooplankton samples were collected at windward and leeward locations in the enclosed lagoon and adjacent ocean with a metered net (85 cm diameter, 500 mu m mesh) towed for 15 min at 5 m depth. The zooplankton community in the lagoon was very different from that in the ocean. Oceanic samples contained 50 mostly holoplanktonic taxa (diversity index, H' = 2.62; evenness index, J' = 0.67). Lagoonal samples contained 19 mostly meroplanktonic taxa (H' = 1.54, J' = 0.52) with three taxa (decapod larvae; an ostracod, Cypridina sp.; a copepod, Acartia fossae) contributing >90% of the individuals. Unlike the ocean, zooplankton distributions in the lagoon were not homogenous; instead spatial patterns were apparently formed by the interaction between hydrodynamic processes and species-specific behaviour.ztZooplankton-; Community-composition; Distribution-records; ISE,-Pacific,-French-Polynesia,-Tuamotu-Is.,-Taiaro-AtollTest of open-system fractional crystallization models in periodically replenished oceanic magma chambers: Mururoa (French Polynesia) and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (36 degree 50'N)Caroff, M. Maury, R. C.B;C.-R.-Acad.-Sci.-Ser.-2-Mec.-Phys.-Chim.-Sci.-Terre-Univers2 317a2 211-217  1993Two models of open-system fractional crystallisation in a periodically replenished magma chamber have been tested on the Mururoa suite (French Polynesia) and on Mid-Atlantic Ridge basalts sampled at 36 degree 50'N, respectively. The analytical data from Mururoa are consistent with a model in which the residual liquid is expelled at the end of each cycle. The alternative model, in which the liquid is erupted at the beginning of each cycle before fractional crystallisation occurs, is preferred in the case of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.i~wMagma-chambers; Volcanic-islands; Lava-; Basalts-; A,-Mid-Atlantic-Ridge; ISE,-Pacific,-French-Polynesia,-Mururoa-Atoll Casanova, J.P. Nair, V.R.\ 1999A new species of the genus Sagitta (Phylum Chaetognatha) from the Agatti lagoon (Laccadive Archipelago, Indian Ocean) with comments on endemism(!Indian Journal of Marine Sciences282169-172 0379-5136 220WN4-A new chaetognath Sagitta madhupratapi from the Agatti atoll, Laccadive Archipelago is described. The species belongs to the group. Though collections were made from other atolls the species was found restricted to the Agatti suggesting that the species is endemic to this lagoon. It appears that isolated waters of lagoons promote speciation as this as well as another species dwelling in the area were found to be new to science. Isolation from surrounding neritic populations of chaetognaths is probably one of the reasons for endemism. [References: 18] (03) Casanova JP/Univ Aix Marseille 1, Lab Biol Anim Plancton/3 Pl Victor Hugo/F-13331 Marseille 3/France/ /Univ Aix Marseille 1, Lab Biol Anim Plancton/F-13331 Marseille 3/France (19) NATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION, DR K S KRISHNAN MARG, NEW DELHI 110 012, INDIA (42) Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences/Article/English/Aquatic Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciencesl 43-52o&Charpy, L. Charpyroubaud, C. J.u~wTrophic Structure and Productivity of the Lagoonal Communities of Tikehau Atoll (Tuamotu Archipelago, French-Polynesia)u HydrobiologiamATOLL; SUSPENDED MATTER; DETRITUS; PHYTOPLANKTON; MICROPHYTOBENTHOS; ZOOPLANKTON HIGH PHYTOPLANKTON GROWTH; PRODUCTION-RATES; COASTAL WATERS; BIOMASS; REEF; ZOOPLANKTON; BACTERIA; COLUMN; MATTER; ISLANDD>Carbon standing stocks and fluxes were studied in the lagoon of Tikehau atoll (Tuamotu archipelago, French Polynesia), from 1983 to 1988. The average POC concentration (0.7-2000-mu-m) was 203 mg C m-3. The suspended living carbon (31.6 mg C m-3) was made up of bacteria (53%), phytoplankton < 5-mu-m (14.2%), phytoplankton > 5-mu-m (14.2%), nanozooplankton 5-35-mu-m (5.7%), microzooplankton 35-200-mu-m (4.7%) and mesozooplankton 200-2000-mu-m (7.9%). The microphytobenthos biomass was 480 mg C m-2. Suspended detritus (84.4% of the total POC) did not originate from the reef flat but from lagoonal primary productions. Their sedimentation exceeded phytobenthos production. It was estimated that 50% of bacterial biomass was adsorbed on particles. The bacterial biomass dominance was explained by the utilisation of 1) DOC excreted by phytoplankton (44-175 mg C m-2 day-1) and zooplankton (50 mg C m-2 day-1) 2) organic compounds produced by solar-induced photochemical reactions 3) coral mucus. 50% of the phytoplankton biomass belongs to the < 5-mu-m fraction. This production (440 mg C m-2 day-1) exceeded phytobenthos production (250 mg C m-2 day-1) when the whole lagoon was considered. The zooplankton > 35-mu-m ingested 315 mg C m-2 day-1, made up of phytoplankton, nanozooplankton and detritus. Its production was 132 mg C m-2 day-1. Hydrobiologia3 1990 207NOV 22 HYDROBIOLOGIAISI:A1990EW45800006a357-369V&Charpy, L. Charpyroubaud, C. J.eZSA Model of the Relationship between Light and Primary Production in an Atoll LagoonHBJournal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 19907028MAY J MAR BIOL ASSN UKISI:A1990DF33400011s1|0 .-@f`Particulate Organic Matter Fluxes in a Tuamotu Atoll Lagoon French Polynesia South Pacific Ocean& Charpy, L. Charpy-Roubaud, C. J. 1991$Marine Ecology Progress Series711I 53-63PThe standing stock and chemical composition of suspended particles (< 35 .mu.m) were monitored in the lagoon of Tikehau Atoll from 1983 to 1987 and in surrounding oceanic waters (upper 250 m) during 4 cruises. Trapping rate of particulate material was measured between 1986 and 1987 and net export of particulate organic matter (POM) was roughly estimated using monthly average flow of water measured in the passage and the reef-flat spillways. Results showed that deep chlorophyll maxima in oceanic waters could reach 0.24 mg m-3 and were observed between 100 and 200 m even when ATP, POC, PON and POP concentrations were higher in the upper 100 m. POM concentration was homogeneous in the lagoon but varied considerably with time especially following 2 hurricanes in 1983. POM concentration was 30 to 40% higher in samples taken close to the bottom than in the water column. An oceanic station near the atoll was strongly influenced by the lagoonal discharge but POC export from the lagoon to the ocean represents only 6% of phytoplankton production. The POM content of Tikehau lagoon lies within the range recorded for coral reef areas and is made up of suspended particles 50% of which are smaller than 5 .mu.m. Their sedimentation (350 mg C-2 d-1) represents 80% of phytoplankton production.<6Using Smart Source Parsing pp ENGLISH 01718630 ArticleBACD199192110143$Charpy, L. Blanchot, J. Lo, L. 1992Cyanobacteria Synechococcus spp Contribution to Primary Production in a Closed Atoll Lagoon (Takapoto, Tuamotu, French-Polynesia)NHComptes Rendus de L Academie Des Sciences Serie III - Sciences de La Vie 3149395-401 HT627PBS Record: 950BIOMASS/ ALGAE/ SEAB;Biomass and primary production of Synechococcus and microalgae were studied in a Tuamotu atoll lagoon using chlorophyll-a (chl-a) measurements, epifluorescence microscopic cell enumerations and in situ incubations with C-14. Water samples were filtered on Nuclepore filters of 3, 1 and 0.2-mu-m pore size and Whatman GF/F (glass fibre filter able to retain 0.4-0.7-mu-m particles to estimate the contribution of the different phytoplankton class size to biomass and primary production. Synechococcus abundance 135 x 10(6) cells l-1, 82% of which had a size of less than < 1-mu-m and accounts for 0.2-mu-g chl-a (67% of total chl-a) and 16.8-mu-g C. Daily primary production was 0.5 g Cm-2 d-1 (60.3% of total primary production) and their P/B ratio was very high: 11-mu-g Ch-1 10(9) cells-1 and 13 to 21-mu-g Ch-1 mu-g chl-a-1.1NG(03) L Charpy/Orstom/BP 529/Papeete, Fr Polynesia (42) French ArticleA\UThe great Astrolabe reef lagoon (Fiji): Results of the French-Fijian ASTRO expeditions.(Charpy, L. Charpy-Roubaud, C. Newell, P. 1996\UNotes Doc. Oceanogr. Cent. Tahiti ORSTOM Papeete French Polynesia ORSTOM Cent. Tahiti46& Using Smart Source Parsing 95 pp  This work was carried out in Fiji as part of the international cooperation in marine biology between France and Fiji. This cooperation was initiated in 1991 between the Tahiti ORSTOM Center and the Institute of Marine Resources (The University of South Pacific, Suva). In 1988, a Marine Pollution Research Group was formed at USP to coordinate the work in this field at the University. The group decided to carry out a baseline study of the Astrolabe lagoon and reef. The development of Dravuni as an important center for reef and lagoon research, attracting scientists from around the world was also envisaged (Morrison & Naqasima, 1992). In 1991, the ORSTOM CYEL program in French Polynesian atolls began, with the object of creating a models for the operating system of atoll lagoons. Contacts were made between USP and ORSTOM scientists and the site of the Great Astrolabe Reef lagoon was choosen for a join study. A preliminary expedition was done in 1993 and a proposal (ASTRO) was drawn up to complete the baseline study of the Great Astrolabe Reef lagoon and to compare the GAR lagoon with French Polynesian lagoons. The description of the Great Astrolabe Reef and lagoon appears in Morrison & Naqasima (1992): The Great Astrolabe Reef (18 degree 45'S, 178 degree 30'E) is situated north-east of Kadavu and south of Viti Levu (Figure 1). The Astrolabe Islands are a group of volcanic islands 3.3 to 3.5 million years old (Howorth & Carman, 1992). The climate is humid tropical with an average temperature of 25 degree C and rainfall of 2596 mm. Prevailing winds are from the south east. There are 13 islands, 4 of which 4 are inhabited (1000 inhabitants). Fish is the major source of protein for the villagers in the group (Naqasima et al., 1992). The lagoon surface area is approximately 210 km super(2). The maximum depth is about 37.5 m and the average depth is 20 m (Naqasima et al., 1992). The residence time for the Astrolabe lagoon was estimated 15-25 days in first approximation by MacLeod (1992). Preliminary results on marine biology, water quality, shellfish quality and sediments were published by Naqasima & Bandy (1992), Morrison & Maata (1992), Morrison et al. (1992), Morrison & Naidu (1992). Thirteen scientists have studied the GAR lagoon in May 1994 (Table 1). A part of them was based in the field research station of Dravuni Island with the support of the USP APHAREUS research vessel ship and the others in the ORSTOM ALIS research vessel ship. This volume presents 10 papers redacted by 16 scientists from 9 institutes (Table 1).Coral-reefs; Lagoons-; Phytoplankton-; Biomass-; Primary-production; Nutrients-mineral; Benthos-; Sedimentation-; Organic-matter; Organic-carbon; ISEW,-Fiji,-Great-Astrolabe-Reef-Lagoon Charpy, L. 1996ZTPhytoplankton biomass and production in two Tuamotu atoll lagoons (French Polynesia)& Marine Ecology - Progress Series 145R133-142R& Marine Ecology - Progress Series 2531NGNUTRIENTS; PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS; PICOPHYTOPLANKTON; PRIMARY PRODUCTIONi@9TP FP - PRODUCTION PRIMAIRE : POPULATIONS NATURELLES; ; ;l P1015 432.Charpy, L. Blanchot, J. 1996rlProchlorococcus contribution to phytoplankton biomass and production of Takapoto Atoll (Tuamotu Archipelago)0*C.-R.-Acad.-Sci.-Ser.-3-Sci.-Vie-Life-Sci. 3192131-137phytoplankton-; biomass-; abundance-; new-records; ecologcial-distribution; coastal-lagoons; Prochlorococcus-; ISE,-Pacific,-French-Polynesia,-Tuamotu-Is.,-Takapota-Atoll; dominant-species; Synechococcus-f_Prochlorococcus was observed for the first time in an atoll lagoon. Phytoplankton distribution was heterogeneous in the water column. In the upper 10 m, total biomass was lower and dominated by picoeukaryotes. Below, biomass was higher and dominated by Synechococcus. Biomass and production maxima were almays below 10 m. On average (0-25 m), the percentage of Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus and picoeukaryote abundance were respectively 20%, 78%, 2% and percent of fluorescence was 2%, 57% and 41%. Maximum abundances were respectively 1.1 x 10 super(4), 7.5x 10 super(4), 0.3x 10 super(4) cells per ml and respective contributions to phytoplankton production were 2%, 55% and 43%. In surrounding oceanic waters (0-150 m), percentage of Prochlorococcus, Synochococcus and picoeabaryote abundance was respectively 98%, 1%, 1% and percentage of fluorescence 42%, 6% and 52%. Maximum abundances (cells ml super(-1)) were 160xlO super(4) Prochlorococcus, 0.15x10 super(4) Synechococcus and 0.2x10 super(4) picoeukaryotes. Lagoonal conditions seem to be preferred by Synechococcus and oceanic conditions by Prochlorococcus.- P85TNParticulate organic matter in sixteen Tuamotu atoll lagoons (French Polynesia)& Charpy, L. Dufour, P. Garcia, N.Mar.-Ecol.-Prog.-Ser.a 151o 1-3c 55-65w 1997RLThe standing stock and chemical composition of suspended particles were monitored in 16 Tuamotu atoll lagoons and surrounding oceanic water between 1983 and 1996. Temporal and spatial variability was estimated from 18 surveys performed in Takapoto. Atoll lagoon particulate organic matter (POM) concentrations were compared using data taken during the same months (March and November) and at the same time (morning). It appears that the lagoonal particulate organic carbon concentration depends on the latitude of each lagoon. We interpret this result as an influence of the waters deriving from the Peruvian and equatorial upwellings. Phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll) concentration was inversely related to the water exchange between lagoon and ocean. Therefore, the best atolls for pearl oyster farming seem to be those located north of the Tuamotu Archipelago and with small exchange with the ocean. POM concentration was 2 to 5 times higher in the atoll lagoons than in the surrounding oceanic water, with a higher C:N ratio and a lower N:P ratio. The small size of organic particles (70% <3 mu m) and the low contribution of phytoplankton to particulate organic carbon (POC) (5 to 19%) in the lagoons must be taken into account when calculating the potential of pearl oysters, which cannot exceed the nutritional potential of Tuamotu atoll lagoons.Particulate-organic-matter; Atoll-lagoons; Carbon-; Nitrogen-; Phosphorus-; Phytoplankton-; Biomass-; Chlorophylls-; Monitoring-; Literature-reviews; Variance-analysis; ISE,-Tuamotu-I.139-147 ,&Charpy, L. Charpy-Roubaud, C. Buat, P.tnExcess primary production, calcification and nutrient fluxes of a patch reef (Tikehau atoll, French Polynesia)atoll; POM; sedimentation; coral reefs; calcification; production; nutrients GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; SEA CO2 FLUXES; CORAL-REEFS; COMMUNITY METABOLISM; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; BIOEROSION; TUAMOTU; MOOREA; PACIFIC; BUDGETCommunity metabolism (primary production, respiration and calcification), nutrient budgets, and export of particulate organic matter of a patch reef were investigated in the lagoon of Tikehau atoll (Tuamotu Archipelago, French Polynesia). The pinnacle studied displays strong carbonate dissolution of the top surface layer, estimated to be up to -37 g CaCO3 m(-2) d(-1). The net production is negative (-3.2 g C m(-2) d(-1)) and the gross primary production was estimated to be 4.4 g C m(-2) d(-1). So the lagoonal pinnacle appears to be a sink for particulate organic matter, which is trapped by the reef frame, and a source of nitrate for downstream lagoonal waters.$Marine Ecology-Progress Series("Article English MAR ECOL-PROGR SERMar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.m 1998 173n 57-70,Charpy, L. Blanchot, J.cPhotosynthetic picoplankton in French Polynesian atoll lagoons: estimation of taxa contribution to biomass and production by flow cytometry$Marine Ecology-Progress Series@:flow cytometry; cyanobacteria; Prochlorococcus; chlorophyll; primary production; atoll lagoons; diurnal cell size variations NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; TUAMOTU ARCHIPELAGO; PROCHLOROCOCCUS- MARINUS; PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; PARTICULATE MATTER; MEDITERRANEAN-SEA; LIGHT SCATTER; SYNECHOCOCCUS; TAKAPOTOlfPicophytoplankton was studied by now cytometry in 11 Tuamotu (French Polynesia) atoll lagoons and in the surrounding ocean. The respective contribution of Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus and picoeukaryotes on biomass and primary production was evaluated. Red fluorescence was demonstrated to be a proxy for chlorophyll. The relative sizes of the 3 picoplankton groups were estimated using forward light scattering measured in Takapoto lagoon on living cells. The average diameters for Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus and picoeukaryotes were estimated as 0.62 +/- 0.08 (SD), 0.89 +/- 0.09 and 3.11 +/- 0.22 mu m, respectively. The lowest values occurred before sunrise and the highest in the afternoon. Cellular carbon content was estimated using C/biovolume ratios from the literature. The average biomass for Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus and picoeukaryotes was calculated as 60 +/- 20, 178 +/- 52 and 4695 +/- 834 fg C cell(-1) respectively. Synechococcus formed the predominant group in terms of abundance and carbon biomass and had the highest planktonic primary production in most lagoons. As it is generally scarce in deep water with Limited light availability, its biomass contribution was reduced in deep lagoons. Average lagoonal picoplankton abundance varied by a factor of 200 for the different populations and was affected by the geomorphology of the atolls. In very shallow lagoons, no general trend could be observed, as the dominant group appeared to depend on the water renewal rate within the lagoon. In the surface layer of the surrounding ocean the community structure was dominated by Prochlorococcus. However, the observed percentage of Synechococcus (>10%) is usual for the coastal zone. In the upper 120 m of ocean waters surrounding Takapoto, the integrated picoplankton biomass (1242 mg C m(-2)) consisted of 65% Prochlorococcus, 1% Synechococcus and 34% picoeukaryotes.Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. 1998 162MAR ECOL-PROGR SERISI:000072545600006 y> o paleontology-DAParacentrotus-lividus. Mathaei deblainville. Population-dynamics.Parental-behaviorPARTICLE SELECTIONPARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATE ORGANIC-MATTER@=Particulate organic-matter. Atoll tuamotu archipelago. Mussel Particulate-organic-matter Pasiphaeidae-path-of-pollutants PATTERNS patterns-PCB- PCB-compounds pearl oyster(#pearl oyster Pinctada margaritiferaPearl oyster/ Pinctada margaritifera/ Tropical lagoon/ Retention efficiency/ Clearance rate/ Gill area/ French polynesia/ Suspension-feeding bivalves/ Mussel mytilus-edulis/ Crassostrea-gigas/ Pumping rates/ Body size/ Dreissena-polymorpha/ French-polyn Pearl oysters pearls-PELAGIC BACTERIAPelagic-environmentPellina-triangulatapeptide-toxins$!PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY permeability-Perochirus-scutellatus pest-controlpetroleum-geologypetroleum-hydrocarbons Petrology-PGRNpH- pharmacology- PHOSPHATE phosphorite- PHOSPHORUS<9phosphorus limitation/ water flowing/ reef flat/ Eniwetok Phosphorus- Photography-PHOTOSYNTHESISphotosynthesis- Photosynthesis/oxygen budgetPhotosynthetic-pigments phototroph- phycocyanin- physicochemical-propertiesphysiological ecologyD>Physiological ecology. Mazatlanica hanley. Cerastoderma-edule. Phytobenthos- phytoplanktonPHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASSPHYTOPLANKTON GROWTHphytoplankton pigmentsphytoplankton-phytoplankton-biomassDAphytoplankton/ atoll/ Pacific/ 14C/ primary production/ nutrients82phytoplankton/ water exchange/ coral reefs/ lagoonPICOPHYTOPLANKTON picoplankton pigments-Pinctada margaritiferaPinctada-margaritifera Pisces- PLANKTON@:Plankton Food web Network analysis Ascendency Atoll lagoon Plankton-planktonic food web plants- Plasma-plate-tectonicsPlatforms-geology$Plectroglyphidodon-imparipennis Pleistocene- Plutonium-Plutonium-isotopes(%PNW,-Greenland,-Nord-Groenland,-Thulepollutant-persistencePollution-controlpollution-dispersionpollution-effectsPollution-monitoringpollution-surveysPolyacrylamide-gels Polychaeta-POLYCHAETE CAPITELLA-CAPITATA/ CALLIANASSA-CALIFORNIENSIS/ UPOGEBIA CRUSTACEA/ BRITISH-COLUMBIA/ BIKINI ATOLLS/ BIOTURBATION/ COMMUNITIES/ LAGOON/ MEIOFAUNA/ ENEWETAKpolychlorinated-biphenyls$Polynesia,-Tuamotu-I.,-Mururoa Polynesia-polysaccharide-polysaccharides-POM<8POM/ atoll/ Pacific/ Lagoon/ phytoplankton/ POC/detritus40POM/ detritus/ atoll/ Pacific/ Undinula vulgaris POM/ lagoonHEPOM/ zooplankton/ mucus/ export/ Eniwetok/ atoll/ Pacific/aggregates/Pomacentridae- ponds- Population-characteristicsPopulation-declinePopulation-densityPopulation-dynamicsPopulation-ecologyPopulation-geneticsPopulation-numberPopulation-structure pore-water Porifera- Porites- Porites-lutea porosity- Portugal-? 6??$?? ?6???$?? ??6???$? ??6$ ?6$??  ?6??$??  ???6??$??  ??6????$?8?? ? ???5$?x?  ???->?????$>??  ???.??#~>???? ? ?.?#?x<??0  ???ëǫ??